Introduction
Underwater videography has seen a significant rise in popularity in recent years, largely due to the availability of small, high-quality video cameras and the ease of sharing videos on social media platforms. This article aims to delve into the art of shooting underwater videos, exploring various composition techniques, camera angles, and camera movements that can help create visually compelling and artistic footage. As we dive into this detailed guide, we will cover important aspects such as framing the shot, leading the subject into the frame, filling the frame, effective use of negative space, filming at eye level, foregrounds and backgrounds, moving shots, and various shot types in underwater videography.
Framing the Shot
When it comes to taking any video shot, one of the primary considerations is how it is framed. The positioning of the primary subject within the frame significantly affects the visual appeal of the video. While the initial instinct might be to position the subject in the middle of the frame, repeatedly centering the subject this way can result in visually dull videos. Photographers and videographers often follow the “rule of thirds,” which involves dividing the frame into thirds to create nine equal sections. By placing compositional elements at the points where these lines intersect, a more balanced and visually interesting composition can be achieved.
Leading the Subject into the Frame
When filming marine life, it is best to have the subject facing the frame, whether it’s a frontal or side view shot. This creates a more engaging and captivating video for viewers. Additionally, if there is any action in the shot, it is recommended to leave more space on the side of the frame where the action is headed. This allows the viewer to anticipate and follow the subject’s movement, enhancing their overall viewing experience. Providing room in front of the subject to move into the frame also helps in creating a less cluttered composition.
Filling the Frame
Leaving too much empty space in a scene is often a mistake, especially when shooting smaller marine life. This can lead to the subject getting lost within its surroundings and confuse viewers about what they should be focusing on. To avoid this, it is advisable to either zoom in or physically get closer to the subject in order to fill the frame. Zooming in allows for easier exclusion of distracting background elements, whereas moving closer physically provides a more challenging yet rewarding angle for capturing the subject. By filling the frame, the viewer’s attention is centered directly onto the main subject.
Negative Space
Incorporating negative space effectively can add depth to an underwater video shot and direct the viewer’s attention to the subject. Negative space refers to the empty area surrounding the subject in an image. When following a sea turtle swimming over coral, for example, it may be visually appealing to have negative space around the subject or scenery, such as a serene blue ocean or the water’s surface. In macro subjects, blurring out the negative space further draws attention to the primary subject in the frame. By utilizing negative space strategically, a sense of balance can be achieved between the subject and its environment.
Go Low: Filming at Eye Level
When capturing videos of marine life, it is recommended to avoid only pointing the camera downward. Instead, positioning oneself at eye level or even below the subject provides a more interesting angle for shooting. Not only does this create dynamic compositions, but it also often results in better backgrounds. By exploring different perspectives and filming at eye level, videographers can engage viewers and establish a more personal connection between the audience and the subject being filmed.
Foregrounds and Backgrounds
Creating captivating videos involves careful consideration of both foreground and background elements. It is important to avoid any distractions that may compete with the main subject. Complementing the subject with appealing foregrounds, such as colorful coral, moving reef fish, or soft coral swaying in the current, can enhance the overall visual impact. Adding movement to the shot, such as swimming next to the subject while passing through different foregrounds, can further elevate the composition. Similarly, choosing backgrounds that complement the subject’s narrative is crucial. To achieve this, wider apertures can be used to focus on a small feature of the subject, leaving the background out of focus. This technique, known as a shallow depth of field, helps reduce distractions and ensure that the background becomes an integral part of the overall storytelling process.
Moving Shots in Underwater Videography
Camera motion can be a powerful tool for creating visually compelling and evocative videos. Once buoyancy control is mastered, underwater videographers can create their own dolly or tracking shots without the need for additional equipment. These camera moves can add drama, convey information, and establish a sense of scale. For example, a flyover shot of a reef can emphasize its grandeur, which might be too large to be captured in a static shot. Keeping the camera stationary is rarely ideal, as videos tend to be more engaging when there is some degree of movement incorporated.
Underwater Videography Shot Types
To maximize viewer interest, it is essential to vary shot types in underwater videography. Wide-angle shots are often used as establishing shots to allow viewers to take in the entire setting. They capture the environment, such as a vibrant coral reef, spectacular shipwreck, or shallow snorkeling location. Medium shots, on the other hand, focus on the subject either entirely or a cropped portion of it. These shots draw attention to the subject, minimizing distractions in the background. Close-up shots, including fine details or animal behavior, offer a unique perspective. While close-up shots should not dominate every video clip, when used sparingly, they provide depth and add a different dimension to the overall storyline.
Final Thoughts
Developing a strong sense of composition is a continuous process that comes with practice and experience. While the guidelines provided in this article serve as a valuable starting point, they are not meant to be adhered to strictly. Understanding the rationale behind these rules is essential for creating powerful shots. As videographers become more comfortable within the confines of these guidelines, they should also be encouraged to explore breaking them in order to enhance their own unique filmmaking style. Continued practice, experimentation, and a deep passion for the underwater world will undoubtedly lead to remarkable underwater videography.
About the Author
Elisabeth Lauwerys, an experienced PADI and BSAC Dive Instructor, has been deeply passionate about exploring the marine depths for many years. In 2004, she opened Oceans Below Underwater Video Productions on Koh Tao, Thailand. Over the years, she has achieved numerous milestones, including creating the dive industry’s first professional-level video training course on request from BSAC, winning prestigious underwater video competitions, collaborating with renowned production houses, revamping PADI promotional videos, training industry professionals in the art of underwater video, and venturing into still photography. Elisabeth’s unwavering dedication to teaching aspiring underwater videographers and her globetrotting expeditions in search of captivating diving environments make her a highly regarded authority in the field of underwater videography. For more information about Elisabeth’s work and achievements, visit her official website at http://www.oceansbelow.net.
The article is compiled and compiled by tipcamera.com
